Unity and Variety

A work of art possesses harmony when all of the objects and figures are organized in a uniform manner, and it possesses unity when all of the formal elements and principles of design are utilized to create one organized and balanced work of art. This can be accomplished by using repetition and rhythm, being careful not to be too monotonous. In Women Ironing by Jacob Lawrence, unity is achieved through the repetition of the three women who are ironing. They are wearing the same outfits, all using their right hands, and all ironing.

To avoid being monotonous and boring, Lawrence adds variety—something that is different yet still complements the artwork. Variety is evident with the bright orange block and bold zigzag line in the upper left quadrant and the striped orange shirt in the lower right quadrant.