Egypt: Great Pyramids of Giza

Three pyramids rise above the arid, sandy terrain of Giza, Egypt, each dedicated to a different pharaoh. The first, and largest, was constructed for Khufu who ruled Egypt from 2589-2566 BC. Made of limestone and granite, this pyramid once stood 481 feet in height; however, due to wind erosion, it has decreased significantly.

The mid-sized pyramid was built for Khufu’s son, Khafre (whose face is also on the Great Sphinx), ruling Egypt from 2520-2492 BC. This structure still contains the outermost layer at the tip of the pyramid, providing an example of what the exterior looked like prior to erosion.

Finally, it is believed that the smallest pyramid belongs to Khufu’s grandson, Menkaure, who reigned from 2490-2472 BC. All three pyramids have been impacted by exposure to the elements.